5–8 minutes
Learn the core expressions and record in short blocks.
Describe how voice and movement work together.
Compare repeated movements with purposeful revision. Connect voice, gaze, timing and movement to the character’s situation; attractive costumes alone do not explain a performance. You can pause after any study block and continue later.
Performance, cooperation & places · Lessons 5–8
Connect a person’s actions, circumstances and contribution. Separate a retold anecdote from a documented achievement.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Link the parts, try the reading checks, then write or explain a supported response. Complete the dialogue recordings in short blocks.
5–8 minutes
Learn the core expressions and record in short blocks.
10–15 minutes per sitting
Read one part per sitting. Use the reading sessions in this plan, then connect the parts and practise the dialogue in short blocks.
5–10 minutes
Practise the writing focus and revisit your first-choice answers.
Try each item in a short block. Listen when needed, record when ready, and use the hints to retry. Pinyin and English can be turned off independently.
Pinyin shows how to say a word. The mark above a vowel shows its tone.
Watch the tone marks and listen for the rhythm of the whole phrase. Light syllables are short; pauses belong between meaningful groups.
Flip each card for stroke order. This lesson’s writing focus: 风 · 身 · 求 · 京 · 表 · 段.
京剧
jīng jù
Beijing opera
唱腔
chàng qiāng
singing style
身段
shēn duàn
stage movement
表情
biǎo qíng
expression
精益求精
jīng yì qiú jīng
seek further refinement
风格
fēng gé
style
梅兰芳从小学习京剧,长期研究角色的动作和情感。
méi lán fāng cóng xiǎo xué xí jīng jù, cháng qī yán jiū jué sè de dòng zuò hé qíng gǎn。
Mei Lanfang studies Peking opera from childhood and spends years examining a character's movement and emotion.
同一句唱词使用不同唱腔,会产生不同的情绪和节奏。
tóng yī jù chàng cí shǐ yòng bù tóng chàng qiāng, huì chǎn shēng bù tóng de qíng xù hé jié zòu。
The same line can convey a different mood and rhythm when sung in another vocal style.
演员通过手眼身步等身段,让观众看懂人物关系。
yǎn yuán tōng guò shǒu yǎn shēn bù děng shēn duàn, ràng guān zhòng kàn dǒng rén wù guān xì。
Through stylised movement of the hands, eyes, body and steps, an actor helps the audience understand relationships between characters.
一个停顿和回头的表情,也可能改变整段表演的意思。
yí ge tíng dùn hé huí tóu de biǎo qíng, yě kě néng gǎi biàn zhěng duàn biǎo yǎn de yì si。
A pause and a backward glance can change the meaning of an entire performance.
精益求精不是盲目增加动作,而是根据角色需要不断调整。
jīng yì qiú jīng bú shì máng mù zēng jiā dòng zuò, ér shì gēn jù jué sè xū yào bù duàn tiáo zhěng。
Striving for excellence does not mean adding movements blindly; it means refining them according to the role.
艺术家的个人风格来自学习传统,也来自有依据的创新。
yì shù jiā de gè rén fēng gé lái zì xué xí chuán tǒng, yě lái zì yǒu yī jù de chuàng xīn。
An artist's individual style grows from learning tradition as well as making well-grounded innovations.
梅兰芳是一位著名的京剧表演艺术家,舞台上的唱腔、眼神和身段,让许多观众记住了他。
méi lán fāng shì yí wèi zhù míng de jīng jù biǎo yǎn yì shù jiā, wǔ tái shàng de chàng qiāng、 yǎn shén hé shēn duàn, ràng xǔ duō guān zhòng jì zhù le tā。
Mei Lanfang is a renowned Beijing opera performer whose singing, gaze and movements are remembered by many audiences.
小时候学习表演,他并不是每一次都得到赞扬,有些动作做得不自然,有些地方也需要老师反复指导。
xiǎo shí hou xué xí biǎo yǎn, tā bìng bú shì měi yí cì dōu dé dào zàn yáng, yǒu xiē dòng zuò zuò de bù zì rán, yǒu xiē dì fang yě xū yào lǎo shī fǎn fù zhǐ dǎo。
When learning as a child, he does not always earn praise; some movements are awkward and need repeated guidance.
他没有因为一次评价就放弃,仍然每天练习,把别人指出的问题记住,再慢慢调整自己的做法。
tā méi yǒu yīn wèi yí cì píng jià jiù fàng qì, réng rán měi tiān liàn xí, bǎ bié rén zhǐ chū de wèn tí jì zhù, zài màn màn tiáo zhěng zì jǐ de zuò fǎ。
He does not give up after criticism, but practises daily, remembers the problems others identify and gradually adjusts his approach.
一段唱腔不仅要唱清楚词语,还要考虑人物为什么开口、心里有什么感受,以及前后怎样衔接。
yí duàn chàng qiāng bù jǐn yào chàng qīng chu cí yǔ, hái yào kǎo lǜ rén wù wèi shén me kāi kǒu、 xīn lǐ yǒu shén me gǎn shòu, yǐ jí qián hòu zěn yàng xián jiē。
A vocal passage requires clear words, but also attention to why the character speaks, what they feel and how the passage connects.
观众坐得远,有时看不清演员脸上的细小变化,动作与声音便需要共同传递情绪。转身不是随便换一个方向,停顿也不是忘记下一步;它们和角色当时的处境连在一起,才能让舞台上的关系清楚。
guān zhòng zuò de yuǎn, yǒu shí kàn bù qīng yǎn yuán liǎn shàng de xì xiǎo biàn huà, dòng zuò yǔ shēng yīn biàn xū yào gòng tóng chuán dì qíng xù。 zhuǎn shēn bú shì suí biàn huàn yí ge fāng xiàng, tíng dùn yě bú shì wàng jì xià yí bù; tā men hé jué sè dāng shí de chǔ jìng lián zài yì qǐ, cái néng ràng wǔ tái shàng de guān xì qīng chu。
For distant spectators, voice and movement jointly convey emotions; turns and pauses must connect with the character’s situation.
他留意一举手、一回头、一停步怎样改变人物的样子,细小的差别也值得重新比较。
tā liú yì yì jǔ shǒu、 yì huí tóu、 yì tíng bù zěn yàng gǎi biàn rén wù de yàng zi, xì xiǎo de chā bié yě zhí de chóng xīn bǐ jiào。
He notices how a raised hand, a turn or a pause changes a character, comparing even small differences.
舞台上的服装颜色鲜明,动作却不能只求漂亮;眼神与节奏相配,人物的关系才更容易被看懂。
wǔ tái shàng de fú zhuāng yán sè xiān míng, dòng zuò què bù néng zhǐ qiú piào liàng; yǎn shén yǔ jié zòu xiāng pèi, rén wù de guān xì cái gèng róng yì bèi kàn dǒng。
Stage costumes are vivid, but movements must do more than look attractive; gaze and rhythm make relationships understandable.
第一次练习时,动作可能太快,第二次又可能太慢,他便留意听的人和看的人怎样回应。不合适的地方重新做,已经清楚的地方继续保持,一次次的小改变,让表演渐渐能够表达原先想表达的感情。
dì yī cì liàn xí shí, dòng zuò kě néng tài kuài, dì èr cì yòu kě néng tài màn, tā biàn liú yì tīng de rén hé kàn de rén zěn yàng huí yìng。 bù hé shì de dì fang chóng xīn zuò, yǐ jīng qīng chu de dì fang jì xù bǎo chí, yí cì cì de xiǎo gǎi biàn, ràng biǎo yǎn jiàn jiàn néng gòu biǎo dá yuán xiān xiǎng biǎo dá de gǎn qíng。
He compares timing and audience responses, retaining what is clear and revising what is not until the performance expresses the intended feeling.
排练时,一个动作可以做许多遍,快一点或慢一点,都可能带来不同的情绪,他便一遍遍寻找合适的分寸。
pái liàn shí, yí ge dòng zuò kě yǐ zuò xǔ duō biàn, kuài yì diǎn huò màn yì diǎn, dōu kě néng dài lái bù tóng de qíng xù, tā biàn yí biàn biàn xún zhǎo hé shì de fēn cùn。
In rehearsal, he repeats a movement many times, seeking the right timing because small changes in speed affect its emotion.
与同台演员合作,也要听清音乐和台词,让自己的动作接住对方的表演,而不是只顾完成一个人的部分。
yǔ tóng tái yǎn yuán hé zuò, yě yào tīng qīng yīn yuè hé tái cí, ràng zì jǐ de dòng zuò jiē zhù duì fāng de biǎo yǎn, ér bú shì zhǐ gù wán chéng yí ge rén de bù fèn。
Working with fellow performers means listening to music and lines and responding to others rather than only completing one’s own part.
演出结束以后,他仍然思考哪些地方可以改进,把舞台上的经验带回下一次练习。
yǎn chū jié shù yǐ hòu, tā réng rán sī kǎo nǎ xiē dì fang kě yǐ gǎi jìn, bǎ wǔ tái shàng de jīng yàn dài huí xià yí cì liàn xí。
After a performance, he considers improvements and brings his stage experience into the next rehearsal.
随着长期积累,他形成了独特的艺术风格,也把京剧带到更多地方,让不同的观众认识这种表演艺术。
suí zhe cháng qī jī lěi, tā xíng chéng le dú tè de yì shù fēng gé, yě bǎ jīng jù dài dào gèng duō dì fang, ràng bù tóng de guān zhòng rèn shi zhè zhǒng biǎo yǎn yì shù。
Through sustained work, he develops a distinctive style and brings Beijing opera to more places and audiences.
一场演出结束,舞台会重新安静下来,服装和道具放回原处,演员却还会记着刚才的经验。第二天再次走进排练的地方,同一段动作又可以重新检查;长期的积累,就藏在这些看似重复、其实不断调整的日子里。
yì chǎng yǎn chū jié shù, wǔ tái huì chóng xīn ān jìng xià lai, fú zhuāng hé dào jù fàng huí yuán chù, yǎn yuán què hái huì jì zhe gāng cái de jīng yàn。 dì èr tiān zài cì zǒu jìn pái liàn de dì fang, tóng yí duàn dòng zuò yòu kě yǐ chóng xīn jiǎn chá; cháng qī de jī lěi, jiù cáng zài zhè xiē kàn shì chóng fù、 qí shí bù duàn tiáo zhěng de rì zi lǐ。
After costumes are put away, the experience remains for the next rehearsal; sustained development comes through repetition that continually changes.
有些观众原来只注意服装,后来也开始看演员的手势、听声音的变化,发现一个角色是怎样一点点活起来的。
yǒu xiē guān zhòng yuán lái zhǐ zhù yì fú zhuāng, hòu lái yě kāi shǐ kàn yǎn yuán de shǒu shì、 tīng shēng yīn de biàn huà, fā xiàn yí ge jué sè shì zěn yàng yì diǎn diǎn huó qǐ lai de。
Some spectators first notice only costumes, then begin watching gestures and listening to vocal changes to see how a role comes alive.
灯光亮起,音乐响起,演员走上舞台;每一个看似自然的转身背后,都有反复观察、练习与修改的积累。
dēng guāng liàng qǐ, yīn yuè xiǎng qǐ, yǎn yuán zǒu shàng wǔ tái; měi yí ge kàn shì zì rán de zhuǎn shēn bèi hòu, dōu yǒu fǎn fù guān chá、 liàn xí yǔ xiū gǎi de jī lěi。
As lights and music begin, the performer steps on stage; behind each apparently effortless turn lie observation, practice and revision.
A 服装能独自让人物活起来吗?
fú zhuāng néng dú zì ràng rén wù huó qǐ lai ma?
Can costume alone bring a character alive?
B 还需要声音、动作和节奏。
hái xū yào shēng yīn、 dòng zuò hé jié zòu。
Voice, movement and rhythm also matter.
A 早期评价等于最后结论吗?
zǎo qī píng jià děng yú zuì hòu jié lùn ma?
Is early criticism the final conclusion?
B 不是,还要看后来的行动。
bú shì, hái yào kàn hòu lái de xíng dòng。
No; later actions matter.
A 怎样在练习中比较回头动作?
zěn yàng zài liàn xí zhōng bǐ jiào huí tóu dòng zuò?
How can a turn of the head be compared in rehearsal?
B 试着调整停顿和速度,再看是否符合角色的感情。
shì zhe tiáo zhěng tíng dùn hé sù dù, zài kàn shì fǒu fú hé jué sè de gǎn qíng。
Try adjusting the pause and speed, then check whether they suit the character’s feelings.