5–8 minutes
Learn the core expressions and record in short blocks.
Describe sensors, labels and instructions.
Use this specific exhibition robot to follow read, check and act. Its designed behaviour does not establish what every robot can do; tasks depend on conditions and design. You can pause after any study block and continue later.
Appearance, skill & perspectives · Lessons 5–8
Identify the phenomenon, the explanation and the evidence. Distinguish observations from guesses and look for a limitation.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Read this part, identify the main event or idea, and note one useful detail.
Link the parts, try the reading checks, then write or explain a supported response. Complete the dialogue recordings in short blocks.
5–8 minutes
Learn the core expressions and record in short blocks.
10–15 minutes per sitting
Read one part per sitting. Use the reading sessions in this plan, then connect the parts and practise the dialogue in short blocks.
5–10 minutes
Practise the writing focus and revisit your first-choice answers.
Try each item in a short block. Listen when needed, record when ready, and use the hints to retry. Pinyin and English can be turned off independently.
Pinyin shows how to say a word. The mark above a vowel shows its tone.
Watch the tone marks and listen for the rhythm of the whole phrase. Light syllables are short; pauses belong between meaningful groups.
Flip each card for stroke order. This lesson’s writing focus: 器 · 人 · 令 · 务 · 机 · 传.
机器人
jī qì rén
robot
指令
zhǐ lìng
instruction
传感器
chuán gǎn qì
sensor
程序
chéng xù
programme
任务
rèn wù
task
限制
xiàn zhì
limitation
机器人可以按照设计完成重复性工作。
jī qì rén kě yǐ àn zhào shè jì wán chéng chóng fù xìng gōng zuò。
A robot can complete repetitive work according to its design.
操作员输入指令,让机械臂向左移动。
cāo zuò yuán shū rù zhǐ lìng, ràng jī xiè bì xiàng zuǒ yí dòng。
The operator enters an instruction that moves the robotic arm to the left.
距离传感器发现前方出现障碍。
jù lí chuán gǎn qì fā xiàn qián fāng chū xiàn zhàng ài。
The distance sensor detects an obstacle ahead.
程序根据传感器的信息决定下一步动作。
chéng xù gēn jù chuán gǎn qì de xìn xī jué dìng xià yí bù dòng zuò。
The program decides the next action using information from the sensor.
我们把寻找红色积木设为机器人的任务。
wǒ men bǎ xún zhǎo hóng sè jī mù shè wèi jī qì rén de rèn wù。
We set finding the red block as the robot's task.
机器人能力有明确限制,不能理解没有写入程序的所有情况。
jī qì rén néng lì yǒu míng què xiàn zhì, bù néng lǐ jiě méi yǒu xiě rù chéng xù de suǒ yǒu qíng kuàng。
A robot has clear limitations and cannot understand every situation outside its programming.
学校的科技展上,一台小机器人停在桌边。它有轮子、机械臂,还有一个能够识别标签的装置。桌上放着几个盒子,标签写着不同的名称。
xué xiào de kē jì zhǎn shàng, yì tái xiǎo jī qì rén tíng zài zhuō biān。 tā yǒu lún zi、 jī xiè bì, hái yǒu yí ge néng gòu shí bié biāo qiān de zhuāng zhì。 zhuō shàng fàng zhe jǐ gè hé zi, biāo qiān xiě zhe bù tóng de míng chēng。
At a school technology exhibition, a small robot waited beside a table. It had wheels, an arm and a device for identifying labels. Several boxes bore different names.
工作人员按下开始键,机器人先靠近一个盒子,读取标签,再把盒子送到对应的架子上。它不是看见任何东西都能知道用途,而是按照事先设置的任务工作。
gōng zuò rén yuán àn xià kāi shǐ jiàn, jī qì rén xiān kào jìn yí ge hé zi, dú qǔ biāo qiān, zài bǎ hé zi sòng dào duì yìng de jià zi shàng。 tā bú shì kàn jiàn rèn hé dōng xi dōu néng zhī dào yòng tú, ér shì àn zhào shì xiān shè zhì de rèn wù gōng zuò。
An operator started it. The robot approached a box, read its label and carried it to the matching shelf. It did not know every object's purpose; it followed a predefined task.
一个标签被纸遮住了一半。机器人停下来,屏幕亮起提示。工作人员重新放好标签,它才继续行动,没有把看不清的盒子随便丢到一个位置。
yí ge biāo qiān bèi zhǐ zhē zhù le yí bàn。 jī qì rén tíng xià lai, píng mù liàng qǐ tí shì。 gōng zuò rén yuán chóng xīn fàng hǎo biāo qiān, tā cái jì xù xíng dòng, méi yǒu bǎ kàn bù qīng de hé zi suí biàn diū dào yí ge wèi zhì。
One label was partly covered. The robot stopped and displayed a notice. After the operator fixed the label, it continued instead of placing the box randomly.
地上忽然多了一只空盒子。机器人前面的传感器发现障碍,轮子减慢,最后停住。有人移开空盒子,检查周围的空间,再让它往前走。
dì shàng hū rán duō le yì zhī kōng hé zi。 jī qì rén qián miàn de chuán gǎn qì fā xiàn zhàng ài, lún zi jiǎn màn, zuì hòu tíng zhù。 yǒu rén yí kāi kōng hé zi, jiǎn chá zhōu wéi de kōng jiān, zài ràng tā wǎng qián zǒu。
An empty box appeared on the floor. The robot's sensor detected it, and its wheels slowed to a stop. Someone removed the box and checked the space before restarting it.
展厅另一边,屏幕展示不同的机器人:有的帮助工厂搬运材料,有的进入不方便人到达的地方,有的协助人们完成重复的工作。它们的外形并不相同,也不一定像人。
zhǎn tīng lìng yì biān, píng mù zhǎn shì bù tóng de jī qì rén: yǒu de bāng zhù gōng chǎng bān yùn cái liào, yǒu de jìn rù bù fāng biàn rén dào dá de dì fang, yǒu de xié zhù rén men wán chéng chóng fù de gōng zuò。 tā men de wài xíng bìng bù xiāng tóng, yě bù yí dìng xiàng rén。
Elsewhere, a screen showed robots transporting factory materials, entering places difficult for people to reach and helping with repetitive work. Their shapes differed, and they did not necessarily resemble humans.
每一种任务都有自己的条件。重物需要合适的机械结构,狭窄的地方需要较小的身体,新的环境还可能需要重新调整程序。机器的本领与设计和使用方法紧紧相连。
měi yì zhǒng rèn wù dōu yǒu zì jǐ de tiáo jiàn。 zhòng wù xū yào hé shì de jī xiè jié gòu, xiá zhǎi de dì fang xū yào jiào xiǎo de shēn tǐ, xīn de huán jìng hái kě néng xū yào chóng xīn tiáo zhěng chéng xù。 jī qì de běn lǐng yǔ shè jì hé shǐ yòng fāng fǎ jǐn jǐn xiāng lián。
Each task has its own requirements. Heavy loads need suitable structures, narrow spaces require smaller bodies and new environments may call for different programming. Ability is closely linked to design and use.
最后一个盒子放好了,工作人员关闭机器。轮子停下,机械臂收回原位。展厅里的人还在讨论,怎样让下一次工作更顺利,又有哪些问题需要继续解决。
zuì hòu yí ge hé zi fàng hǎo le, gōng zuò rén yuán guān bì jī qì。 lún zi tíng xià, jī xiè bì shōu huí yuán wèi。 zhǎn tīng lǐ de rén hái zài tǎo lùn, zěn yàng ràng xià yí cì gōng zuò gèng shùn lì, yòu yǒu nǎ xiē wèn tí xū yào jì xù jiě jué。
After placing the last box, the operator switched the robot off. Its wheels stopped and its arm returned to rest. Visitors kept discussing how to improve the next task and what problems remained.
A 你的机器人负责什么?
nǐ de jī qì rén fù zé shén me?
What does your robot do?
B 把有标签的盒子放到相应位置。
bǎ yǒu biāo qiān de hé zi fàng dào xiāng yìng wèi zhì。
It places labelled boxes in matching locations.
A 它先需要读什么信息?
tā xiān xū yào dú shén me xìn xī?
What information does it first need?
B 标签内容,还有前方是否有障碍。
biāo qiān nèi róng, hái yǒu qián fāng shì fǒu yǒu zhàng ài。
The label and whether an obstacle is ahead.
A 没有标签时怎么办?
méi yǒu biāo qiān shí zěn me bàn?
What happens without a label?
B 停下来,请人确认,而不是随便猜。
tíng xià lai, qǐng rén què rèn, ér bú shì suí biàn cāi。
It stops and asks a person, rather than guessing.